What does this decision mean for small UK businessesIf you don’t, or you don’t have a genuine intention to use it, your trademark can be cancelled and you will lose your rights to it. Big businesses are sometimes criticised for registering hundreds, if not thousands of trademarks with no intention of using them for their own products or services. They register them simply as a defence mechanism against the competition (often small independent businesses). In essence, this is what happened in the Supermac’s versus McDonald’s dispute. McDonald’s have registered many different trademarks which include the words Big Mac. The trademark at the centre of this dispute was registered in three classes, including class 42, which covered the operation of restaurants. McDonald’s claimed that the name ‘supermac’s? was confusingly similar to Big Mac? and was therefore an infringement of its trademark. It tried to use this argument to block Supermac’s (a much smaller Irish company) from opening their new restaurants. Supermac’s fought back. Proving (or disproving) the likelihood of confusion can be difficult so they looked at this dispute from an alternative angle. In their defence, they claimed that McDonald’s hadnt used its Big Mac? trademark for, amongst other things, restaurants? and so it should be cancelled. The European Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) agreed and cancelled McDonald’s trademark. This cleared the way for Supermac’s to expand their chain of restaurants, which is a great result for them. Take a look at these other David v Goliath cases:However, a trademark is granted on the strict condition that you actually use it.
- The small British business suing Versace
- Nando’s vs. Fernando’s: The brand making claims of trademark infringement
- Legal threats from Zara lead to sole trader rebranding
- Family-run coffee company takes on Coca-Cola in trademark dispute
Why isnt this a landmark decision and what can small businesses learn from it?
The most interesting thing I can glean from it, is that the EUIPO made their decision based on the evidence submitted. McDonald’s, despite its huge reputation, didnt submit sufficient evidence to support its arguments. It seems that McDonald’s didnt (or were unable) to prove use of this particular trademark in all three of the classes for which it was registered. Without evidence of use, the whole trademark was cancelled. The lesson here is that you must follow the rules. They are clear and apply to all trademark owners equally. If you don’t follow the rules, you expose yourself to unnecessary risks. As a small business, you can often find technicalities such as this to counter groundless threats of trademark infringement from big businesses. Next, I always advise business owners to register their brand in as many trademark classes as possible to give themselves maximum protection. But they mustnt go too far. If you register a trademark in a wide range of classes but don’t use it for all of them, you increase the chances of it being cancelled. This is what happened here and this case shows that you won’t just lose the unused classes, you will lose the whole trademark. Clearly, if a small business only has one trademark, a decision such as this could be devastating for them. So, it’s always a good idea to take professional advice on the scope of any trademark before making an application. Once registered, you should keep records of how you use your trademarks. This could be samples of packaging, marketing materials, photographs or whatever else you think is appropriate. This evidence should then be supported by sales records.
